Installation
============

Warnings
--------

.. warning:: Pillow and PIL cannot co-exist in the same environment. Before installing Pillow, please uninstall PIL.

.. warning:: Pillow >= 1.0 no longer supports "import Image". Please use "from PIL import Image" instead.

.. warning:: Pillow >= 2.1.0 no longer supports "import _imaging". Please use "from PIL.Image import core as _imaging" instead.

Notes
-----

.. note:: Pillow < 2.0.0 supports Python versions 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7.

.. note:: Pillow >= 2.0.0 supports Python versions 2.6, 2.7, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5

Basic Installation
------------------

.. note::

    The following instructions will install Pillow with support for
    most common image formats. See :ref:`external-libraries` for a
    full list of external libraries supported.

.. note::

   The basic installation works on Windows and OS X using the binaries
   from PyPI. Other installations require building from source as
   detailed below.

Install Pillow with :command:`pip`::

    $ pip install Pillow

Or use :command:`easy_install` for installing `Python Eggs
<http://peak.telecommunity.com/DevCenter/PythonEggs>`_ as
:command:`pip` does not support them::

    $ easy_install Pillow


Windows Installation
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

We provide Pillow binaries for Windows compiled for the matrix of
supported Pythons in both 32 and 64-bit versions in wheel, egg, and
executable installers. These binaries have all of the optional
libraries included::

  $ pip install Pillow

or::

  $ easy_install Pillow


OS X Installation
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

We provide binaries for OS X  for each of the supported Python versions
in the wheel format. These  include support for all optional libraries
except OpenJPEG::

  $ pip install Pillow

Linux Installation
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

We do not provide binaries for Linux. Most major Linux distributions,
including Fedora, Debian/Ubuntu and ArchLinux include Pillow in
packages that previously contained PIL e.g. ``python-imaging``. Please
consider using native operating system packages first to avoid
installation problems and/or missing library support later.

FreeBSD Installation
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Pillow can be installed on FreeBSD via the official Ports or Packages systems:

**Ports**::

  $ cd /usr/ports/graphics/py-pillow && make install clean

**Packages**::

  $ pkg install py27-pillow
  
.. note::

    The `Pillow FreeBSD port
    <https://www.freshports.org/graphics/py-pillow/>`_ and packages
    are tested by the ports team with all supported FreeBSD versions
    and against Python 2.x and 3.x.


Building From Source
--------------------

Download and extract the `compressed archive from PyPI`_.

.. _compressed archive from PyPI: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/Pillow

.. _external-libraries:

External Libraries
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

.. note::

    You **do not need to install all supported external libraries** to
    use Pillow's basic features. **Zlib** and **libjpeg** are required
    by default.

.. note::

   There are scripts to install the dependencies for some operating
   systems included in the ``depends`` directory.

Many of Pillow's features require external libraries:

* **libjpeg** provides JPEG functionality.

  * Pillow has been tested with libjpeg versions **6b**, **8**, **9**, and
    **9a** and libjpeg-turbo version **8**.
  * Starting with Pillow 3.0.0, libjpeg is required by default, but
    may be disabled with the ``--disable-jpeg`` flag.

* **zlib** provides access to compressed PNGs

  * Starting with Pillow 3.0.0, zlib is required by default, but may
    be disabled with the ``--disable-zlib`` flag.

* **libtiff** provides compressed TIFF functionality

  * Pillow has been tested with libtiff versions **3.x** and **4.0**

* **libfreetype** provides type related services

* **littlecms** provides color management

  * Pillow version 2.2.1 and below uses liblcms1, Pillow 2.3.0 and
    above uses liblcms2. Tested with **1.19** and **2.7**.

* **libwebp** provides the WebP format.

  * Pillow has been tested with version **0.1.3**, which does not read
    transparent WebP files. Versions **0.3.0** and above support
    transparency.

* **tcl/tk** provides support for tkinter bitmap and photo images.

* **openjpeg** provides JPEG 2000 functionality.

  * Pillow has been tested with openjpeg **2.0.0** and **2.1.0**.
  * Pillow does **not** support the earlier **1.5** series which ships
    with Ubuntu and Debian.

Once you have installed the prerequisites, run::

    $ pip install Pillow

If the prerequisites are installed in the standard library locations
for your machine (e.g. :file:`/usr` or :file:`/usr/local`), no
additional configuration should be required. If they are installed in
a non-standard location, you may need to configure setuptools to use
those locations by editing :file:`setup.py` or
:file:`setup.cfg`, or by adding environment variables on the command
line::

    $ CFLAGS="-I/usr/pkg/include" pip install pillow

If Pillow has been previously built without the required
prerequisites, it may be necessary to manually clear the pip cache or
build without cache using the ``--no-cache-dir`` option to force a
build with newly installed external libraries.


Build Options
^^^^^^^^^^^^^

* Environment Variable: ``MAX_CONCURRENCY=n``. By default, Pillow will
  use multiprocessing to build the extension on all available CPUs,
  but not more than 4. Setting ``MAX_CONCURRENCY`` to 1 will disable
  parallel building.

* Build flags: ``--disable-zlib``, ``--disable-jpeg``,
  ``--disable-tiff``, ``--disable-freetype``, ``--disable-tcl``,
  ``--disable-tk``, ``--disable-lcms``, ``--disable-webp``,
  ``--disable-webpmux``, ``--disable-jpeg2000``. Disable building the
  corresponding feature even if the development libraries are present
  on the building machine.

* Build flags: ``--enable-zlib``, ``--enable-jpeg``,
  ``--enable-tiff``, ``--enable-freetype``, ``--enable-tcl``,
  ``--enable-tk``, ``--enable-lcms``, ``--enable-webp``,
  ``--enable-webpmux``, ``--enable-jpeg2000``. Require that the
  corresponding feature is built. The build will raise an exception if
  the libraries are not found. Webpmux (WebP metadata) relies on WebP
  support. Tcl and Tk also must be used together.

Sample Usage::

    $ MAX_CONCURRENCY=1 python setup.py build_ext --enable-[feature] install

or using pip::

    $ pip install pillow --global-option="build_ext" --global-option="--enable-[feature]"


Building on OS X
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Xcode is required to compile portions of Pillow. Either install the
full package from the app store, or run ``xcode-select --install``
from the command line.  It may be necessary to run ``sudo xcodebuild
-license`` to accept the license prior to using the tools.

The easiest way to install external libraries is via `Homebrew
<http://brew.sh/>`_. After you install Homebrew, run::

    $ brew install libtiff libjpeg webp little-cms2

Install Pillow with::

    $ pip install Pillow

or from within the uncompressed source directory::

    $ python setup.py install

Building on Windows
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

We don't recommend trying to build on Windows. It is a maze of twisty
passages, mostly dead ends. There are build scripts and notes for the
Windows build in the ``winbuild`` directory.

Building on FreeBSD
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

.. Note:: Only FreeBSD 10 tested

Make sure you have Python's development libraries installed.::

    $ sudo pkg install python2

Or for Python 3::

    $ sudo pkg install python3

Prerequisites are installed on **FreeBSD 10** with::

    $ sudo pkg install jpeg tiff webp lcms2 freetype2


Building on Linux
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

If you didn't build Python from source, make sure you have Python's
development libraries installed. In Debian or Ubuntu::

    $ sudo apt-get install python-dev python-setuptools

Or for Python 3::

    $ sudo apt-get install python3-dev python3-setuptools

In Fedora, the command is::

    $ sudo dnf install python-devel redhat-rpm-config

.. Note:: ``redhat-rpm-config`` is required on Fedora 23, but not earlier versions. 

Prerequisites are installed on **Ubuntu 12.04 LTS** or **Raspian Wheezy
7.0** with::

    $ sudo apt-get install libtiff4-dev libjpeg8-dev zlib1g-dev \
        libfreetype6-dev liblcms2-dev libwebp-dev tcl8.5-dev tk8.5-dev python-tk

Prerequisites are installed on **Ubuntu 14.04 LTS** with::

    $ sudo apt-get install libtiff5-dev libjpeg8-dev zlib1g-dev \
        libfreetype6-dev liblcms2-dev libwebp-dev tcl8.6-dev tk8.6-dev python-tk

Prerequisites are installed on **Fedora 23** with::

    $ sudo dnf install libtiff-devel libjpeg-devel libzip-devel freetype-devel \
        lcms2-devel libwebp-devel tcl-devel tk-devel 



Platform Support
----------------

Current platform support for Pillow. Binary distributions are contributed for
each release on a volunteer basis, but the source should compile and run
everywhere platform support is listed. In general, we aim to support all
current versions of Linux, OS X, and Windows.

.. note::

    Contributors please test Pillow on your platform then update this
    document and send a pull request.

+----------------------------------+-------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------+-----------------------+
|**Operating system**              |**Supported**|**Tested Python versions**    |**Latest tested Pillow version**|**Tested processors**  |
+----------------------------------+-------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------+-----------------------+
| Mac OS X 10.11 El Capitan        |Yes          | 2.7,3.3,3.4,3.5              | 3.1.1                          |x86-64                 |
+----------------------------------+-------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------+-----------------------+
| Mac OS X 10.10 Yosemite          |Yes          | 2.7,3.3,3.4                  | 3.0.0                          |x86-64                 |
+----------------------------------+-------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------+-----------------------+
| Mac OS X 10.9 Mavericks          |Yes          | 2.7,3.2,3.3,3.4              | 3.0.0                          |x86-64                 |
+----------------------------------+-------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------+-----------------------+
| Mac OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion      |Yes          | 2.6,2.7,3.2,3.3              |                                |x86-64                 |
+----------------------------------+-------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------+-----------------------+
| Redhat Linux 6                   |Yes          | 2.6                          |                                |x86                    |
+----------------------------------+-------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------+-----------------------+
| CentOS 6.3                       |Yes          | 2.7,3.3                      |                                |x86                    |
+----------------------------------+-------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------+-----------------------+
| Fedora 23                        |Yes          | 2.7,3.4                      | 3.1.0                          |x86-64                 |
+----------------------------------+-------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------+-----------------------+
| Ubuntu Linux 10.04 LTS           |Yes          | 2.6                          | 2.3.0                          |x86,x86-64             |
+----------------------------------+-------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------+-----------------------+
| Ubuntu Linux 12.04 LTS           |Yes          | 2.6,2.7,3.2,3.3,3.4,3.5      | 3.1.0                          |x86,x86-64             |
|                                  |             | PyPy2.4,PyPy3,v2.3           |                                |                       |
|                                  |             |                              |                                |                       |
|                                  |             | 2.7,3.2                      | 2.6.1                          |ppc                    |
+----------------------------------+-------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------+-----------------------+
| Ubuntu Linux 14.04 LTS           |Yes          | 2.7,3.4                      | 3.1.0                          |x86-64                 |
+----------------------------------+-------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------+-----------------------+
| Debian 8.2 Jessie                |Yes          | 2.7,3.4                      | 3.1.0                          |x86-64                 |
+----------------------------------+-------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------+-----------------------+
| Raspian Jessie                   |Yes          | 2.7,3.4                      | 3.1.0                          |arm                    |
+----------------------------------+-------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------+-----------------------+
| Gentoo Linux                     |Yes          | 2.7,3.2                      | 2.1.0                          |x86-64                 |
+----------------------------------+-------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------+-----------------------+
| FreeBSD 10.2                     |Yes          | 2.7,3.4                      | 3.1.0                          |x86-64                 |
+----------------------------------+-------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------+-----------------------+
| Windows 7 Pro                    |Yes          | 2.7,3.2,3.3                  | 2.2.1                          |x86-64                 |
+----------------------------------+-------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------+-----------------------+
| Windows Server 2008 R2 Enterprise|Yes          | 3.3                          |                                |x86-64                 |
+----------------------------------+-------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------+-----------------------+
| Windows Server 2012 R2           |Yes          | 2.7,3.3,3.4                  | 3.0.0                          |x86-64                 |
+----------------------------------+-------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------+-----------------------+
| Windows 8 Pro                    |Yes          | 2.6,2.7,3.2,3.3,3.4a3        | 2.2.0                          |x86,x86-64             |
+----------------------------------+-------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------+-----------------------+
| Windows 8.1 Pro                  |Yes          | 2.6,2.7,3.2,3.3,3.4          | 2.4.0                          |x86,x86-64             |
+----------------------------------+-------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------+-----------------------+

Old Versions
------------

You can download old distributions from `PyPI
<https://pypi.python.org/pypi/Pillow>`_. Only the latest major
releases for Python 2.x and 3.x are visible, but all releases are
available by direct URL access
e.g. https://pypi.python.org/pypi/Pillow/1.0.
